C#读取XML中元素和属性的值

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用C#读取xml有很多方式，这里我就先使用XmlDocument读取Xml，用一段代码遍历所有元素，并打印student的所有属性和子节点的值。

1、school.xml，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<school name="启明培训学校">
    <grades>
     <grade id="1" name="一年级">
         <classes>
         <class id="101" name="一班">
                 <teachers>
                    <teacher teach="语文"><teacherName><![CDATA[王军]]></teacherName></teacher>
                    <teacher teach="数学"><teacherName><![CDATA[周杰]]></teacherName></teacher>
                 </teachers>
                 <students>
                     <student id="10101">
                         <name>亢阳</name>
                          <sex>女</sex>
                     </student>
                     <student id="10102">
                         <name>田镇南</name>
                         <sex>男</sex>
                     </student>
                     <student id="10103">
                         <name>刘嘉</name>
                         <sex>女</sex>
                     </student>
                 </students>
         </class>
        </classes>
     </grade>
        <grade id="2" name="二年级">
         <classes>
         <class id="201" name="二班">
                 <teachers>
                    <teacher teach="语文"><teacherName><![CDATA[胡军]]></teacherName></teacher>
                    <teacher teach="数学"><teacherName><![CDATA[王洁]]></teacherName></teacher>
                 </teachers>
                 <students >
                     <student id="20101">
                         <name>胡艳</name>
                          <sex>女</sex>
                     </student>
                     <student id="20102">
                         <name>张三</name>
                         <sex>男</sex>
                     </student>
                     <student id="20103">
                         <name>李四</name>
                         <sex>女</sex>
                     </student>
                 </students>
         </class>
        </classes>
     </grade>
</grades>
</school>

2、XMLReader.cs （我用的是控制台应用程序，直接附上全部代码吧）

1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5
6 using System.Xml;
7
8 namespace XMLReader
9 {
10     class XMLReader
11     {
12         static void Main(string[] args)
13         {
14             string xmlFilePath = "school.xml";
15             XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
16             doc.Load(xmlFilePath);
17
18             //学校使用xpath表达式选择文档中所有的schoo的子节点
19             XmlNodeList schoolNodeList = doc.SelectNodes("/school");
20             if (schoolNodeList != null)
21             {
22                 foreach (XmlNode schoolNode in schoolNodeList)
23                 {
24                     //通过Attributes获得属性名为name的属性
25                     string schoolName = schoolNode.Attributes["name"].Value;
26                     Console.WriteLine("学校：" + schoolName);
27
28                     #region 年级
29                     //通过SelectSingleNode方法获得当前节点下的grades子节点
30                     XmlNode gradesNode = schoolNode.SelectSingleNode("grades");
31                     if (gradesNode != null)
32                     {
33                         //通过ChildNodes属性获得grades的所有一级子节点
34                         XmlNodeList gradeNodeList = gradesNode.ChildNodes;
35                         if (gradeNodeList != null)
36                         {
37                             foreach (XmlNode gradeNode in gradeNodeList)
38                             {
39                                 Console.WriteLine("\t");
40                                 Console.WriteLine("年级：" + gradeNode.Attributes["name"].Value + "   ID:" + gradeNode.Attributes["id"].Value);
41
42                                 #region 班级
43                                 //通过SelectSingleNode方法获得当前节点下的classes子节点
44                                 XmlNode classesNode = gradeNode.SelectSingleNode("classes");
45                                 if (classesNode != null)
46                                 {
47                                     //通过ChildNodes属性获得classes的所有一级子节点
48                                     XmlNodeList classNodeList = classesNode.ChildNodes;
49                                     if (classNodeList != null)
50                                     {
51                                         foreach (XmlNode classNode in classNodeList)
52                                         {
53                              Console.WriteLine(" 班级：" + classNode.Attributes["name"].Value + "    ID:" + classNode.Attributes["id"].Value);
54
55                                             #region 老师
56                                             XmlNode teachersNode = classNode.SelectSingleNode("teachers");
57                                             if (teachersNode != null)
58                                             {
59                                                 XmlNodeList teacherNodeList = teachersNode.ChildNodes;
60                                                 if (teacherNodeList != null)
61                                                 {
62                                                     foreach (XmlNode teacherNode in teacherNodeList)
63                                                     {
64                                                         XmlNode teacherNameNode = teacherNode.FirstChild;
65                                                         XmlCDataSection cdate = (XmlCDataSection)teacherNameNode.FirstChild;
66                                                         if (cdate != null)
67                                                         {
68                                             Console.WriteLine("   "+teacherNode.Attributes["teach"].Value + "老师："+cdate.InnerText.Trim())；
69
70                                                         }
71                                                     }
72                                                 }
73                                             }
74                                             #endregion 老师
75
76                                                 #region 所有学生
77                                                 XmlNode studentsNode = classNode.SelectSingleNode("students");
78                                                 if (studentsNode != null)
79                                                 {
80                                                     XmlNodeList studentNodeList = studentsNode.ChildNodes;
81                                                     if (studentNodeList != null)
82                                                     {
83                                                         foreach (XmlNode studentNode in studentNodeList)
84                                                         {
85                                                             Console.WriteLine("    学生：" + studentNode.Attributes["id"].Value);
86
87                                                             //获取student的属性值name和文本
88                                                             XmlNode stu1 = studentNode.FirstChild;
89                                                             XmlElement xe1 = (XmlElement)stu1;
90                                                             if (xe1 != null)
91                                                             {
92                                                                 Console.WriteLine("        姓名：" + xe1.InnerText.Trim());
93                                                             }
94                                                             //获取student的属性值sex和文本
95                                                             XmlNode stu2 = studentNode.LastChild;
96                                                             XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)stu2;
97                                                             if (xe2 != null)
98                                                             {
99                                                                 Console.WriteLine("        姓别：" + xe2.InnerText.Trim());
100                                                             }
101                                                         }
102                                                     }
103                                                 #endregion 所有学生
104                                                 }
105                                             }
106                                         }
107                                 #endregion 班级
108                                     }
109                                 }
110                             }
111                     #endregion 年级
112                             Console.Write("\r\n按随意键跳出");
113                             Console.ReadKey();
114                         }
115
116                     }
117                 }
118             }
119         }
120     }